This observational study compared 76 patients with acute coronary syndrome, including 38 with cardiogenic shock and 38 without shock. Patients with shock had lower blood pressure, reduced ejection fraction, and higher markers of myocardial injury and inflammation. Five cytokines were elevated in unadjusted analyses; IL-8, IL-18 and IL-1β remained significantly associated with shock after adjustment for age, sex and STEMI status. Mortality was numerically higher in the shock group. The authors characterized these inflammatory findings as exploratory and requiring confirmation in larger prospective studies.
ACS-related cardiogenic shock was associated with a distinct inflammatory profile, but these exploratory associations do not establish causality or demonstrate clinical utility for cytokine testing.
Study limitation: The small observational cohort and limited adjustment leave residual confounding; mortality effect sizes and uncertainty were not reported.
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