This retrospective Alberta cohort included 499 adults with in-hospital ischemic stroke during admissions for cardiac diagnoses, comparing prior cardiac procedures, cardiac surgery, and neither. In-hospital mortality was 34.6% without prior procedures, 24.1% after cardiac procedures, and 22.5% after cardiac surgery. Adjusted mortality differences were not statistically significant: cardiac procedure versus neither, aOR 0.73 (95% CI 0.40–1.33); cardiac surgery versus neither, aOR 0.78 (95% CI 0.42–1.45). Among procedural patients, stroke recognition at least two days after the procedure was associated with higher mortality.
Procedural status was not significantly associated with adjusted mortality among patients who developed in-hospital stroke. Later post-procedure stroke recognition marked higher mortality, but this association does not establish that delayed recognition caused worse outcomes.
Study limitation: Residual confounding is possible, and this stroke-only cohort cannot establish procedural effects on stroke incidence.
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